Children's Corner Suite (via Wikipedia.org)-edited
Dedication
It is dedicated to Debussy's daughter, Claude-Emma (known as "Chou-Chou"), who was three years old at the time.
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The pieces are not intended to be played by children; rather they are
meant to be evocative of childhood and some of the toys in Claude-Emma's
toy collection.
Claude-Emma was born on 30 October 1905 in Paris, and is described as
a lively and friendly child who was adored by her father. She died of
diphtheria on 14 July 1919, scarcely a year after her father's death.
Structure
There are six pieces in the suite, each with an English-language
title. This choice of language is most likely Debussy's nod towards
Chou-Chou's English governess. The pieces are:
- Doctor Gradus ad Parnassum
- Jimbo's Lullaby
- Serenade for the Doll
- The Snow is Dancing
- The Little Shepherd
- Golliwogg's Cakewalk
The pieces
Doctor Gradus ad Parnassum
This piece is actually a rather ingenious study in
finger independence. In the middle,
the pianist slows down and tries his material in other keys for
exercise. Debussy's
Doctor Gradus Ad Parnassum is of intermediate
difficulty and requires experienced fingers. The pianist gets wilder
toward the end and finishes the piece with a bang.
This work describes an elephant, Jumbo, who came from the French
Sudan and lived briefly in the Jardin des Plantes in Paris around the
time of Debussy's birth. It is a beautiful lullaby.
Serenade of the Doll
This piece... is a description of an Oriental
porcelain doll and features the Chinese pentatonic scale throughout.
Debussy notes that the entire piece should be played with the soft
pedal. Some pianists contend that Debussy really meant "Serenade For the
Doll".
The Snow is Dancing
Thanks to the
composer's remarkable color effects, it manages to describe snow - not
rain - and muted objects seen through it.
The Little Shepherd
The Little Shepherd depicts a shepherd with his flute.
Golliwogg's Cakewalk
At the time of its composition,
Golliwoggs were in fashion. They were stuffed black dolls with red
pants, red bow ties and wild hair, somewhat reminiscent of the
black-face minstrels of the time. The
cakewalk was a dance or a strut and the dancer with the most elaborate steps won a cake ("took the cake").